Conventional risk factors account for a substantial fraction of racial variation in hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes risk. However, they do not fully explain varying disease risk among people of differing ancestries. People of African and South Asian descent, for example, have a significantly higher risk of heart disease and stroke than Europeans of the same age, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, etc. So what accounts for elevated CVD risk in people of African and South Asian ancestry? Studies suggest that non-traditional factors — such as arterial stiffness, glucose tolerance, and kidney function — may contribute. Specific kinds of diet and exercise, along with increased exposure to heat and ultraviolet radiation, improve these non-traditional risk factors. The impact of such interventions also varies by ancestry. For example, blood pressure declines more with reduced sodium and increased potassium in people of African than European ancestry. Perhaps the most important fact about blood pressure that is not widely understood is that it rises with latitude. Blood pressure is higher in regions further from the equator than closer to it. The causes are climate-related, specifically heat and UV radiation (UVR), both of which decline with distance from the equator. Latitude Health Innovations posits that evolutionary adaptations in response to heat and UVR exposure at a given latitude contribute to ancestry-based health disparities. In short, ancestry and displacement from one's native region combine to produce the differential disease risks and disparate impacts of interventions we observe among populations. LHI focuses on research to test these hypotheses and associated health interventions.